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the title of the Parthian kings

  • 1 frater

    frāter, tris, m. [Sanscr. bhrātā; Gr. phratêr, phratôr, clansman; Goth. brothar; Engl. brother], a brother.
    I.
    Lit.:

    frater mi, salve,

    Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 58; cf.:

    mi frater, mi frater, mi frater, tune id veritus es? etc.,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 1:

    amabo te, mi frater, ne, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 4, 1:

    L. frater meus,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 11, § 25:

    uxores habent inter se communes: et maxime fratres cum fratribus,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 14, 4; cf.:

    fratrem a fratre renuntiatum,

    id. ib. 7, 33, 3:

    et filius et fratris filius,

    id. ib. 5, 27, 2:

    fratris filia,

    Plin. Ep. 8, 11, 1:

    fratres gemini,

    twin-brothers, Cic. Clu. 16, 46; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 41:

    fratres gemelli,

    Ov. H. 8, 77;

    also in the reverse order: gemini fratres,

    Cic. Div. 2, 43, 90; Liv. 1, 5, 6; Suet. Caes. 10; Verg. A. 7, 670; Ov. H. 17, 250 (and therefore wrongly censured by Quint.:

    quaedam ordine permutato fiunt supervacua, ut fratres gemini: nam si praecesserint gemini, fratres addere non est necesse,

    Quint. 9, 4, 24).— Also in sing.: To. Hic ejus geminus est frater. Do. Hiccine'st? To. Ac geminissimus. Do. Di deaeque et te et geminum fratrem excrucient, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 49 sq.:

    venimus fratrem quaesitum geminum germanum meum,

    my full twin-brother, id. Men. 2, 1, 7; cf.:

    spes mihi est, vos inventuros fratres germanos duos Geminos, una matre natos et patre uno uno die,

    id. ib. 5, 9, 43:

    Cn. Phaenius... frater germanus Q. Titinii,

    full brother, own brother, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 49, § 128; id. Font. 17, 36:

    fratres uterini,

    brothers by the same mother, uterine brothers, Cod. Just. 5, 62, 21: fratribus illa (templa) deis fratres de gente deorum Circa Juturnae composuere lacus, the brothers of a race of gods (Tiberius and Drusus), descended from the divine brothers (Castor and Pollux), Ov. F. 1, 707.—Of the giants:

    fratresque tendentes opaco Pelion imposuisse Olympo,

    Hor. C. 3, 4, 51:

    conjurati fratres,

    Verg. G. 1, 280.— Poet. of dogs:

    et Thous et Cyprio velox cum fratre Lycisca,

    Ov. M. 3, 220; Grat. Cyneg. 299.
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Like our word brother, as a familiar appellation of friends and lovers.
    1.
    In gen.:

    quam copiose laudatur Apronius a Timarchide... Volo, mi frater, fraterculo tuo credas: consorti quidem in lucris atque in furtis, gemino et simillimo nequitia, improbitate, audacia,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 66, § 155:

    frater, pater, adde: Ut cuique est aetas, ita quemque facetus adopta,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 54:

    frater erat Romae consulti rhetor,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 87:

    eheu cicatricum et sceleris pudet Fratrumque,

    i. e. of dear fellow-citizens, id. C. 1, 35, 34; Juv. 5, 135; cf. Phaedr. 1, 31, 5.—So freq. of civil wars:

    gaudent perfusi sanguine fratrum,

    Verg. G. 2, 510:

    crudeles gaudent in tristi funere fratrum,

    Lucr. 3, 70.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    Of lovers:

    nisi intercederent mihi inimicitiae cum istius mulieris viro: fratre volui dicere: semper hic erro,

    Cic. Cael. 13, 32; cf. Tib. 3, 1, 23; Mart. 2, 4, 3; 10, 65, 14 (cf. soror); Petr. 9, 2.—
    b.
    In publicists' lang., an honorary title given to allies:

    Aedui, fratres consanguineique saepenumero a senatu appellati,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 32, 2; 2, 3, 5:

    non modo hostes, sed etiam fratres nostri Aedui,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 10 fin.:

    Aedui fratres nostri pugnant,

    id. Att. 1, 19, 2 (cf. fraternitas). —
    B.
    Fratres for brother and sister (as also the Gr. adelphoi):

    Lucius et Titia fratres emancipati a patre,

    Dig. 10, 2, 38:

    tres fratres, Titius, Naevius et Seia,

    ib. 2, 14, 35:

    fratrum incestus, amor,

    Tac. A. 12, 4:

    INFANTIBVS HILARIONI ET REVOCATAE FRATRIBVS,

    Inscr. Orell. 4583.—
    C.
    Like Gr. adelphos, of near kindred.
    1.
    Frater patruelis, a cousin, a father's brother's son:

    hic illius frater patruelis et socer T. Torquatus,

    Cic. Planc. 11, 27; cf.:

    L. Cicero frater noster, cognatione patruelis, amore germanus,

    id. Fin. 5, 1, 1; cf. Dig. 38, 10, 1, § 10;

    for which simply frater,

    Cic. Clu. 24, 60; id. Att. 1, 5, 1; Cat. 66, 22; Ov. H. 8, 28; id. M. 13, 31; Tac. A. 3, 38; 11, 9; Just. 17, 3; Cic. Post Red. in Sen. 10, 25.—
    2.
    Perh. also for levir (cf. the Fr. beaufrère), a brother-in-law, sister's husband:

    prope attonitus ipso congressu Numida, gratias de fratris filio remisso agit,

    Liv. 28, 35, 8 (cf. id. 27, 19, 9).—
    D.
    Fratres Arvales, a college of priests; v. arvalis.—
    E.
    Frater Solis et Lunae, the title of the Parthian kings, Amm. 17, 5; 23, 5.—
    F.
    Of things of a like kind (so, too, the Gr. adelphos; cf.

    also soror): aspicies illic positos ex ordine fratres (i. e. libros),

    Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 107; so Mart. 12, 3, 6.—As a proper name:

    (In Mauretania) montes sunt alti, qui... ob numerum Septem, ob similitudinem Fratres nuncupantur,

    Mel. 1, 5, 5; Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 18; Sol. 25 (in Ptolemy, Hepta adelphoi; cf. Mann. Afr. 2, p. 459).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > frater

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